Index
867
51, 52; the cause of the fetishism of commodities, 83; its social character, 84; homogeneous, the secret of social production, 85; in free communities, 90; its property transformed into capitalist property, 140; skilled and unskilled, their difference in value, 220; necessary, 240; has no value, 588; separated from property, 640; co-operative, see Co-Operation; surplus, see Surplus-Labor.
- Labor Fund, its relation to capital, 622.
- Labor Laws in England, from the 14th to the 17th century, 290-304; from 1833-1864, 304-330.
- Labor-Power, general property of labor-Process, 57; bought and sold, 185; a commodity, 186; its value determined, 189; minimum limit of its value, 192; advanced to the capitalist, 193; produces more value than it has itself, 216; its value determined by average necessities of life 568; three laws of determining its value, 569.
- Labor-Process, explained, 203; a productive process, 557.
- Labor Time, a standard measure of value, 45; socially necessary, 46; its assertion as a social law, 86; regulated by competition, 379.
- Laborer, the free, 187; his demand for a normal use of his labor-power, 258; a specialised implement in division of labor, 372; the collective, 383; feeds himself and the capitalist, 621; his productive and individual consumption, 626-628.
- Land, first used as money in the 17th century, 101.
- Law, concerning issue of paper money, 143; of population explained, 681; of value in its international application, 612; of value in general, see Value.
- Legislation against expropriated in England, 805-808, 810-814; in France, 808, 813.
- Leisure, nature’s gift to primitive man, 665.
- Limits of Compensation of rate and mass of surplus-value, 333; see also Surplus-Value.
M
- Machine, collective, 415; a product of modern industry, 418.
- Machinery, its difference from tools, 405; not a means of shortening labor time under capitalism, 405; uses more tools than man, 408; the starting point of industrial revolution, 410; more exact than skilled labor, 420; its giant power, 421; differences in its wear and tear, 423; ita capacity for speed, 425; its Productivity, 427; substituted for half-time laborers, 429; increases female and child labor, 400; develops slave trade in white children, 432; increases death rate among laborers, 434; undermines morality, 435, 436; prevents education of children, 437-439; prolongs working day, 440; its twofold wear and tear, 441; its moral depreciation, 442; increases relative surplus-value, 443; reduces variable capital relatively, 444; intensifies contradictions of capitalist production, 445; in antiquity lightened labor, 446; intensifies exploitation, 447; fought by laborers, 467; its use forbidden by law, 467-468; increases profits, 476; does not compensate working people for loss of employment, 479, 481; lowers consumption of commodities, 480; under capitalism and in a free society compared, 482; in one industry increases production in another, 484; animate and inanimate, 631.
- Malthus, his queer division of labor between accumulating and spending exploiters, 653; his “Essay on Population,” 675; his “Principles of Political Economy,” 696.
- Malthnsianism exploded, 676, note.
- Mandeville’s Fable of the Bees, 674.
- Manufacture, its twofold rise, 369, 370; its two fundamental forms, 375; its narrow technical basis, 404; modern, in operation, 506-509; ruined by machinery, see Machinery.
- Mass, of profit, see Profit; of surplus-value, see Surplus-Value.
- Market, see Home-Market and World-Market.
- Marx's method explained by himself, 12, 15, 21, 22, 24, 25; method of quotation, 30, 33; quotation from Gladstone vindicated, 34-39.
- Materialist Conception of History, 15, 22,
- Means of Production, necessary for reproduction, 620; see also Constant Capital.
- Mercantilists and Free Traders, their misconception of value, 70.
- Metal, ita weight in silver and copper arbitrarily fixed by law, 142; see also Gold, Silver, and Money.
- Mill, John Stuart, his superiority over the mercantilists, 566; his misinterpretation of profits, 567; his excessive generalisations, 567; an apologist of the wage fund theory, 669.
- Mind, Human, operating on materials, after the fact, 87.
- Mines’ Inspection Act, a dead letter, 642; farce of questioning witnesses, 543-551,
- Misery of British industrial proletariat, 718.
- Modern Industry, see Industry, Machinery, and Accumulation.
- Money, the universal equivalent, 99; its magic, 105; a measure of value, 106; wild theories of, 108; its two functions as a measure of value and a standard of price, 109; historical origin of its names, 112; its currency, 128; keeps up the continuity of circulation, 130; ita change of place in simple circulation, 131; effect of its rise or fall on the prices of commodities, 132; its quantity in circulation determined by volume of production, 134; its currency a reflex of circulation of commodities, 132; its quantity determined by sum of prices and velocity of exchange, 137; mutual compensation of factors in its currency, 138; erroneous opinion concerning determination of its quantity in circulation, 139; paper, symbolising gold and silver, 144; replaced by tokens, 146; hoarding of, 146; buried by Hindoos, 147; its power, 148; bounds of its efficacy, 149; a means of payment, 151;
