In the midway regions of the secondary strata, are the earliest remains yet discovered of Cetacea.[1] In the tertiary formations, we find both Birds, Cetacea, and terrestrial Mammalia, some referable to existing genera, and all to existing orders. See Pl. 1, fig. 73—101.
Thus it appears, that the more perfect forms of animals become gradually more abundant, as we advance from the older into the newer series of depositions: whilst the more simple orders, though often changed in genus and species, and sometimes losing whole families which are replaced by new ones, have pervaded the entire range of fossiliferous formations.
The most prolific source of organic remains has been the accumulation of the shelly coverings of animals which occupied the bottom of the sea during a long series of consecutive generations. A large proportion of the entire substance of many strata is composed of myriads of these shells reduced to a comminuted state by the long continued movements of water. In other strata, the presence of countless multitudes of unbroken corallines, and of fragile shells, having their most delicate spines, still attached and undisturbed, shows that the animals which formed them, lived and died upon or near the spot where these remains are found.
Strata thus loaded with the exuviæ of innumerable generations of organic beings, afford strong proof of the lapse of long periods of time, wherein the animals from which they have been derived, lived and multiplied and died, at the bottom of seas which once occupied the site of our present continents and islands. Repeated changes in species, both of animals and vegetables, in succeeding members of different
- ↑ There is, in the Oxford Museum, an ulna from the Great Oolite of Enstone new Woodstock, Oxon, which was examined by Cuvier, and pronounced to be cetaceous; and also a portion of a very large rib, apparently of a whale, from the some locality.
