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220 ARCHITECTURE OF SCOTLAND. Part IL character, though not so early as might be suspected; and others (such as Woodcut No. 654) have the rich but foreign aspect that gen- erally characterizes the architecture of Scotland. The nave of the cathedral of Aberdeen is still sufficiently entire to be used as a church, and with its twin western spires of bold castellated design is an impressive building ; but it has a character of over-heavi- ness arising from the material used being granite, which did not admit of any of the lighter graces of Gothic art. 655. Interior of Porcli, Dunfermline. The cathedral of St. Andrew's must at one time have been one of the most beautiful in Scotland, but fragments only of its east and west ends now remain. They suffice to show that it was of considerable dimensions, and inferior, perhaps, only to Elgin and Melrose ni beauty of detail. Besides these there are in Scotland many ruined monastic establish- ments, all evincing more or less beauty of design and detail. One of the most remarkable of these is Dunfermline, Avhose nave is of a bold,