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HAR
EAR " These very useful lectures were orizinallv preached to a oongre;;ation of Nej;roes; they are eminently ch:ira.-teri/.ed liy simplicity of )angu.i;;e, yet wilhuut di-luisin;; the iinjxirlam-e of the sul'jcets discussed l>y improper lauiiliai ily of expres^ion.' J/unie't
Hart, Levi, and V. R. Osborn. ic, with an In tell
Virgilius Miiro, Bait.,
l^'.y.i,
12mo.
Kew
i
The Works of P. near Transhition, Ac,
ed., Phila.,
1855, 12iuo.
See
Hamilton, James. Hart, Oliver, 1723-1795, a minister of Charleston, S.C., a native of Pennsylvania, pub. several serms. and
liibl.
Countess of Pomfret, 1738-41, Lon., 1805,
The Importance of the Word of tho siilist:ince of two Semis., Brist., 1767, 8vo. Hart, Richard. Senn., 1804. Hart, Richard, Vicar of Catton, in the Diocese of I. Mc'lulla Cuiieiliorum, ic, 446-15-18, Xorw., Norwicli. 3. Eccles. Records 2. Materialism Refuted. 1833, 8vo. of Eng., Ireland, and Scot., from the 5th Cent, to the Reform., 2d ed., Camb., 1846, 8vo. '•This work is a diiiest of the contents of Wilkins and ?pel-
Hartgill, dars;
Concili.i. arranj^ed
Hartgyll, George.
Astron. Tables, Lou., 1594,
1.
fol.
12ino.
General! Calen2. Astron. Ta-
was educated at Jesus Colle;;e, Cambridge, became Fellow. He seltleil jis a ]iliysician Newark, afterwards at Biiry-St.-Edmund's, ^ubsequently at London, and finally at Bath. He pub. some tracts upon Mrs. Stephens's famous medicine for tlic stone, of which he was a victim, and some other professional treatises, but is best known by his Observations on Man, his Frame, his l>uty, and his E.xpectatioiis, Lon., 1749, 2 vols. Svo. Repub. by his son, 1791, 4lo, with Notes and
ley, Yorkshire,
of which he first at
under various heads, and illustrated
Hart, William Neville.
afterwards
vol.*.
Hartland. Intestate's Personal Estate, 1798. Hartley, David, M.D., 1705-1757, a native of Arm-
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Additions, from the German of H. A. Pistorius, li.-i-tor of Poserilz, in the Island of Rugen, and a sketch of the Life and Character of Dr. Hartley. Again, with additions, by Dr. Joseph Priestley, 1801, 3 vols. Svo. This is the most valuable edition of this excellent work."
12mn.
Poem, and Pious
or,
or
.*?
bles. 4to.
with notes exhiMting considerable research.' jLtiglisIt Review. Hart, Sir William, Lord Chief-Justice of Scotland. ExamiuatiMn, Ac. of G. .Sprot, Lon., 1608, 4to. This tract, relatiniT to the Gowry Conspiracy, is reprinted in vol ix. of the Harloian .Miscellany. Hart, William, minister of Saybrook, Conn., pub. several the lo^. treatises, 1759-72. Hart, William. Alexis the Tyrant; a Tale, 1812,
The Goodness of God; a
dr. I'ihestllt.
^Meditations, Lon., 1808, 8vo.
I
John. Serms., Ac, 1684-95. Harte, George. Needfulnesse of Peace in Ilartcliffe,
Fraunce, Trans, from the French. Harte, Walter, b. about 1700, d. 1774. was educated at M.irlborough School, and at St. Marv's Hall, Oxford, of which he became Vice-Principal Canon of Windsor, 1751 subsequently Vicar of St. Austel and of St. Blazy, Corn wall. 1. Poems on Several Occasions, Lon., 1727, '39, 8vo. 2. Essay on Satire, particularly on the Dunciad, 1730, Svo. To this essay Pope was a 3. Essay on Reason, 1735, fol. contriliutor. 4. The Union of Reason, Morality, and Revealed lleligion a Serm., 1737, Svo. This passed through 5. A Fast Serm., 1740. 6. The Hist, of Gustavus five eds. Adolphus, King of Sweden, surnaiued the Great, 1759, 2 This vols. 4to; 1767, 2 vols. Svo; 1807. 2 vols. r. Svo. work was trans, into German, with a Pref., Notes, and
Ac,
of,
Dadiess of Somerset. Her Corresp. with Henrietta Louisa,
Harr, Richard.
man's
Bib.
Hartford, Frances, Countess
tracts, 1769. etc.
God
Lon., 1575. 8vo.
]
i
Corrections, by John Gottlieb Bcjhine.
commended him .scholar, and a man of the 'Johnson much as a so much" as this imputation, though certainly lie is to be most companionable talents he had ever known. lie said the read with caution, and cannot be proposed as a sound guide defects in his History pi-oceeded not from imbecility, but from As regards his obligations as a jdiilosopher in theology. foppery. ... It was unlucky in coming out on the .same day as Mr. Eliot s;»id it was a very Kobertson's History of Scotland.
good book in the' German translation."— Bowc/rs Life of I>r. jjg concurs with Hobbes, can be ascertained by an exaiuiJohnsmi. As an expoauthorities referred to below. i vnation "' of the u^"""" jjuTjm.i_i:ij "'^ uuiu,^. r
the score by Lord Chesterfield on iu A work stronglv commended Sitor of the " Law of Association —we use the term Laie Of vialler. The stvle is litei-allv execrable.'— />iWi;i« Lib. Comp. some to entitled
Robert.son's Hist, of Sctland was pub. a month before U e quote some opicredit, and he has been luUy paid. this, but Hume's House of Tudor came out in the same week, respecting his philosophical speculations as displayed nions his Ijookseller. .sometimes objected Hawkins, we are told, "George to his uncouth words cr phrases, while the woiii was in the press; jn the Observations on Man but llarte refused to change them, and used to add, with a com'•Something was done in this field of knowledge by Descartes, " placent sneer. George, that's what we call wi iting " .^ p^y much by^ .M r. Ux-ke. but most of all by Dr. Hartley, who has "The life of this extraordinary man [Gustavus .Adolphus] has thrown more u.seful light upon the theory of the mind, tlwn NewDr. I'KiESTLti: been written by Mr. Harte with great activity of research, and a ,,,„ ,jj^ upon the the>>ry of the natural world. scrupulous examination of his materials, which are understood to litmarks on Jleid, Beattie, and Ofiualil, 1774.
be the best, though they are not sufficiently particularized. The book will disapooint the reader; Mr. Harte writes often with singularly bad taste, and never with any masterly display of his subman. but it may be compared with Coxe, and must be considered." ject
—Prof. Snu/tli's Lei-U. t.n Mnd. Hist
7. Essays on Husbandry, 1764, Svo; 1770, Svo.
"His husbandry is good. Da. JoHXSO: BnsweWs Life of
Johnson.
Sir. Da.
Thisis the hook of a scholarand a gentleman: and is i.ttractive from the variety and interest of the subjects treated oi; its learn- 1'.br: &rm. on Education. 1774.
McCuUnch's Lit. nf I'niit. Econ ing, and good taste.
Mith'^verv few exceptions, distinguished for perspicuity of
style, and fir" more elegance than that subject is generally supposed to admit.'
DOSed
The ess;iys have alw.iys been reckoned good: our own opinion
can say nothing of them." Donaldson's AgricuU. Biog.
The poems in this voL are
8. The Amaranth, 1767.
9. Essay on
illustrated by extracts from the Fathers.
Painting. •So much knowledge of the art. and acquaintance with the works of the most eminent painters, argues a taste surprising at
'
his early age."
Boswell's See Chesterfield's Letters and Miscellanies Life of Johnson; Bowles's ed. of Pope; Johnson and Chalmers's English Poets, 1810, 21 vols.; Chalmers's
sophic
to C"olerid.'e, Bishop of Bnrbadocs, and Rector of St. 2. Lects. 1. Practical Serms., Lon., 1«9, 12mo. y. he Gospel of St. Mutt., 1831-34, 2 vols. 12mo.
Hartgill, or Hartgyll, George. 1. Generall Calendars; or Astron. Tables, Lon., 1594, fol. 2. Astron. Tables, 4to.
Hartland. Intestate's Personal Estate, 1798.
Hartley, David, M.D., 1705-1757, a native of Armley, Yorkshire, was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, of which he became Fellow. He settled as a physician first at Newark, afterwards at Bury-St.-Edmund’s, subsequently at London, and finally at Bath. He pub. some tracts upon Mrs. Stephens’s famous medicine for the stone,—of which he was a victim,—and some other professional treatises, but is best known by his Observations on Man, his Frame, his Duty, and his Expectations, Lon., 1749, 2 vols. 8vo. Repub. by his son, 1791, 4to, with Notes and Additions, from the German of H. A. Pistorius, Rector of Poseritz, in the Island of Rugen, and a sketch of the Life and Character of Dr. Hartley. Again, with additions, by Dr. Joseph Priestley, 1801, 3 vols. 8vo.
“This is the most valuable edition of this excellent work.”—Dr. Priestley.
In 1775, 8vo, appeared Hartley’s Theory of the Human Mind, on the Principle of the Association of Ideas; with Essays relating to the Subjects of it, by Joseph Priestley, LL.D. Again, 1790, 8vo. Hartley’s philosophical theory
“Regards the brain, the nerves, and the spinal marrow, as the direct instruments of sensation. External objects, he conceives, excite vibrations in these medullary cords, which vibrations, once communicated, are kept up by a certain elastic fluid called ether. After a sufficient repetition of these vibrations, the sensations leave behind them types and images of themselves. Frequent repetition excites association, and association in its turn imparts to any one idea the power of exciting all the related ideas,—a power which belongs likewise to the vibratiundes and their miniature images. Upon this principle and theory of association, he attempts to account for all the phenomena of the mental constitution of man.”
The hypothesis of vibrations, it is well known, has been completely overthrown by Haller’s demonstration that there can be no such thing as vibrations in the nervous system. Priestley endeavours to prove that Hartley was a materialist like himself; but Hartley “dreaded nothing so much” as this imputation, though certainly he is to be read with caution, and cannot be proposed as a sound guide in theology. As regards his obligations as a philosopher to Newton, Locke, Gay, and even to Aristotle, and how far he concurs with Hobbes, can be ascertained by an examination of the authorities referred to below. As an expositor of the “Law of Association”—we use the term Law not without scruple—Hartley is certainly entitled to some credit, and he has been fully paid. We quote some opinions respecting his philosophical speculations as displayed in the Observations on Man:
“Something was done in this field of knowledge by Descartes, very much by Mr. Locke, but most of all by Dr. Hartley, who has thrown more useful light upon the theory of the mind, than Newton did upon the theory of the natural world.”—Dr. Priestley: Remarks on Reid, Beattie, and Oswald, 1774.
“Johnson, one day, observing a friend of his packing up two volumes of Observations on Man, written by this good and great man, to take into the country, said, ‘Sir, you do right to take Dr. Hartley with you; Priestley said of him, that he had learned more from Hartley than from any book he had ever read, except the Bible.’”—Boswell's Life of Johnson.
“Hartley has investigated the principle of Association more deeply, explained it more accurately, and applied It more usefully, than even his great and venerable predecessor, Mr. Locke.”—Dr. Parr: Serm. on Education, 1774.
“The writer who has built most upon Hobbes, and may be reckoned, in a certain sense, the commentator, if he who fully explains and developes a system may deserve that name, was Hartley.”—Hallam’s Lit. Hist. of Europe, q. v.
“That there is great value to be attached to much which Hartley has drawn from the law of association, and that he has afforded an explanation of many phenomena, before very imperfectly understood, cannot be denied. The very ardour, however, with which he threw himself into his system, and the very closeness with which he analyzed the facts in the case, necessarily imparted a one-sidedness to his philosophy, and led to the neglect of some other facts equally important.”—Morell’s Hist. of Mod. Philos.
“It is the first attempt to join the study of intellectual man to that of physical man.”—Cousin’s Hist. of Mod. Philos., O. W. Wight’s Trans.
Cousin is a high authority,—but does he not forget philosophic caution when he styles Hartley’s the “first attempt”? We offer no counter-statement, but we think it exceedingly hazardous to pretend to designate “the first attempt” in any branch of human speculation. We have ventured to hint some doubts respecting the extraordinary